Building a landscape or garden retaining wall can be a challenging but rewarding DIY project. Retaining walls are used to hold back soil and create level surfaces in sloped areas of your yard. Before starting the project, you’re going to want to consider the following:
The plan and design:
Determine the purpose and location of your retaining wall and ensure to check local building codes and regulations. Then plan out the wall’s height, length, and slope angle. Based on the design, calculate the necessary materials required.
Excavation and base installation:
Mark out the wall’s outline and excavate the trench. Add a layer of gravel at the bottom of the trench for drainage. This is a crucial step if you live in an area prone to heavy rainfall (Most of the BC Lower Mainland cities fall in this category, especially the Metro Vancouver areas and the Fraser Valley regions). Then compact the gravel using a tamper to create a stable base. Lastly, lay down landscape fabric over the gravel to prevent weed growth.
Block laying and building
Begin at one end of the trench and lay your first row of retaining wall blocks. Make sure the blocks are level both front and back and side to side. Use a rubber mallet to tap the blocks into place. Stagger the blocks in the next row, so they overlap the joins of the previous row. As you add more rows, start to backfill behind the wall with crushed stone or gravel. Make sure to compact the backfill material in layers to ensure stability.
Height and stability
Continue building rows of blocks until you reach your desired wall height. Some retaining wall blocks require adhesive to hold them together. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adhesive use.
Finishing and maintenance:
Add topsoil and plantings in front of the retaining wall behind the wall to enhance its appearance. Mulch, rocks, or other landscaping materials can also be used for a polished look. Finish the top with capstones or finishing blocks. Regularly inspect the retaining wall for signs of erosion or damage.
Remember that building a retaining wall can be a physically demanding task, and it is important to take safety precautions. If your wall will be particularly tall or complex, consider consulting with a professional retaining wall engineer or contractor to ensure it is designed and built properly.
